LC-IMPACT 2.0 quantifies the impacts of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) emissions on freshwater biodiversity, expressed as potentially disappeared fractions of fish species (PDF). It distinguishes three emission pathways: direct emissions to freshwater, diffuse emissions from land, and erosion-driven nutrient mobilization caused by land use. Nutrient fate is modelled using a global hydrological network model, capturing transport, retention, and downstream accumulation across river basins. Biodiversity impacts are derived using Species Sensitivity Distributions (SSDs) that relate total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) concentrations to fish species richness. Both marginal and average characterization factors are provided, supporting assessments of incremental emissions and long-term accumulated impacts. Regional impacts are converted to global damages using global extinction probabilities (GEP).
